# Python test set -- part 6, built-in types

# from test.support import run_with_locale
# import collections.abc
# import inspect
# import pickle
# import locale
import sys
import types
# import unittest.mock
# import weakref
import unittest

class TypesTests(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_truth_values(self):
        if None: self.fail('None is true instead of false')
        if 0: self.fail('0 is true instead of false')
        if 0.0: self.fail('0.0 is true instead of false')
        if '': self.fail('\'\' is true instead of false')
        if not 1: self.fail('1 is false instead of true')
        if not 1.0: self.fail('1.0 is false instead of true')
        if not 'x': self.fail('\'x\' is false instead of true')
        if not {'x': 1}: self.fail('{\'x\': 1} is false instead of true')
        def f(): pass
        class C: pass
        x = C()
        if not f: self.fail('f is false instead of true')
        if not C: self.fail('C is false instead of true')
        if not sys: self.fail('sys is false instead of true')
        if not x: self.fail('x is false instead of true')

    def test_boolean_ops(self):
        if 0 or 0: self.fail('0 or 0 is true instead of false')
        if 1 and 1: pass
        else: self.fail('1 and 1 is false instead of true')
        if not 1: self.fail('not 1 is true instead of false')

    def test_comparisons(self):
        if 0 < 1 <= 1 == 1 >= 1 > 0 != 1: pass
        else: self.fail('int comparisons failed')
        if 0.0 < 1.0 <= 1.0 == 1.0 >= 1.0 > 0.0 != 1.0: pass
        else: self.fail('float comparisons failed')
        if '' < 'a' <= 'a' == 'a' < 'abc' < 'abd' < 'b': pass
        else: self.fail('string comparisons failed')
        if None is None: pass
        else: self.fail('identity test failed')

    def test_float_constructor(self):
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, float, '')
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, float, '5\0')
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, float, '5_5\0')

    def test_zero_division(self):
        try: 5.0 / 0.0
        except ZeroDivisionError: pass
        else: self.fail("5.0 / 0.0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")

        try: 5.0 // 0.0
        except ZeroDivisionError: pass
        else: self.fail("5.0 // 0.0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")

        try: 5.0 % 0.0
        except ZeroDivisionError: pass
        else: self.fail("5.0 % 0.0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")

        try: 5 / 0
        except ZeroDivisionError: pass
        else: self.fail("5 / 0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")

        try: 5 // 0
        except ZeroDivisionError: pass
        else: self.fail("5 // 0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")

        try: 5 % 0
        except ZeroDivisionError: pass
        else: self.fail("5 % 0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")

    def test_numeric_types(self):
        if 0 != 0.0 or 1 != 1.0 or -1 != -1.0:
            self.fail('int/float value not equal')
        # calling built-in types without argument must return 0
        if int() != 0: self.fail('int() does not return 0')
        if float() != 0.0: self.fail('float() does not return 0.0')
        if int(1.9) == 1 == int(1.1) and int(-1.1) == -1 == int(-1.9): pass
        else: self.fail('int() does not round properly')
        if float(1) == 1.0 and float(-1) == -1.0 and float(0) == 0.0: pass
        else: self.fail('float() does not work properly')

    # def test_float_to_string(self):
    #     def test(f, result):
    #         self.assertEqual(f.__format__('e'), result)
    #         self.assertEqual('%e' % f, result)

    #     # test all 2 digit exponents, both with __format__ and with
    #     #  '%' formatting
    #     for i in range(-99, 100):
    #         test(float('1.5e'+str(i)), '1.500000e{0:+03d}'.format(i))

    #     # test some 3 digit exponents
    #     self.assertEqual(1.5e100.__format__('e'), '1.500000e+100')
    #     self.assertEqual('%e' % 1.5e100, '1.500000e+100')

    #     self.assertEqual(1.5e101.__format__('e'), '1.500000e+101')
    #     self.assertEqual('%e' % 1.5e101, '1.500000e+101')

    #     self.assertEqual(1.5e-100.__format__('e'), '1.500000e-100')
    #     self.assertEqual('%e' % 1.5e-100, '1.500000e-100')

    #     self.assertEqual(1.5e-101.__format__('e'), '1.500000e-101')
    #     self.assertEqual('%e' % 1.5e-101, '1.500000e-101')

    #     self.assertEqual('%g' % 1.0, '1')
    #     self.assertEqual('%#g' % 1.0, '1.00000')

    def test_normal_integers(self):
        # Ensure the first 256 integers are shared
        a = 256
        b = 128*2
        if a is not b: self.fail('256 is not shared')
        if 12 + 24 != 36: self.fail('int op')
        if 12 + (-24) != -12: self.fail('int op')
        if (-12) + 24 != 12: self.fail('int op')
        if (-12) + (-24) != -36: self.fail('int op')
        if not 12 < 24: self.fail('int op')
        if not -24 < -12: self.fail('int op')
        # Test for a particular bug in integer multiply
        xsize, ysize, zsize = 238, 356, 4
        if not (xsize*ysize*zsize == zsize*xsize*ysize == 338912):
            self.fail('int mul commutativity')
        # And another.
        m = -sys.maxsize - 1
        for divisor in 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32:
            j = m // divisor
            prod = divisor * j
            if prod != m:
                self.fail("%r * %r == %r != %r" % (divisor, j, prod, m))
            if type(prod) is not int:
                self.fail("expected type(prod) to be int, not %r" %
                                   type(prod))
        # Check for unified integral type
        for divisor in 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32:
            j = m // divisor - 1
            prod = divisor * j
            if type(prod) is not int:
                self.fail("expected type(%r) to be int, not %r" %
                                   (prod, type(prod)))
        # Check for unified integral type
        m = sys.maxsize
        for divisor in 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32:
            j = m // divisor + 1
            prod = divisor * j
            if type(prod) is not int:
                self.fail("expected type(%r) to be int, not %r" %
                                   (prod, type(prod)))

        x = sys.maxsize
        self.assertIsInstance(x + 1, int,
                              "(sys.maxsize + 1) should have returned int")
        self.assertIsInstance(-x - 1, int,
                              "(-sys.maxsize - 1) should have returned int")
        self.assertIsInstance(-x - 2, int,
                              "(-sys.maxsize - 2) should have returned int")

        try: 5 << -5
        except ValueError: pass
        else: self.fail('int negative shift <<')

        try: 5 >> -5
        except ValueError: pass
        else: self.fail('int negative shift >>')

    def test_floats(self):
        if 12.0 + 24.0 != 36.0: self.fail('float op')
        if 12.0 + (-24.0) != -12.0: self.fail('float op')
        if (-12.0) + 24.0 != 12.0: self.fail('float op')
        if (-12.0) + (-24.0) != -36.0: self.fail('float op')
        if not 12.0 < 24.0: self.fail('float op')
        if not -24.0 < -12.0: self.fail('float op')

    def test_strings(self):
        if len('') != 0: self.fail('len(\'\')')
        if len('a') != 1: self.fail('len(\'a\')')
        if len('abcdef') != 6: self.fail('len(\'abcdef\')')
        if 'xyz' + 'abcde' != 'xyzabcde': self.fail('string concatenation')
        if 'xyz'*3 != 'xyzxyzxyz': self.fail('string repetition *3')
        if 0*'abcde' != '': self.fail('string repetition 0*')
        if min('abc') != 'a' or max('abc') != 'c': self.fail('min/max string')
        if 'a' in 'abc' and 'b' in 'abc' and 'c' in 'abc' and 'd' not in 'abc': pass
        else: self.fail('in/not in string')
        x = 'x'*103
        if '%s!'%x != x+'!': self.fail('nasty string formatting bug')

        #extended slices for strings
        a = '0123456789'
        self.assertEqual(a[::], a)
        self.assertEqual(a[::2], '02468')
        self.assertEqual(a[1::2], '13579')
        self.assertEqual(a[::-1],'9876543210')
        self.assertEqual(a[::-2], '97531')
        self.assertEqual(a[3::-2], '31')
        self.assertEqual(a[-100:100:], a)
        self.assertEqual(a[100:-100:-1], a[::-1])
        self.assertEqual(a[-100:100:2], '02468')

    def test_type_function(self):
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, type, 1, 2)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, type, 1, 2, 3, 4)

#     def test_int__format__(self):
#         def test(i, format_spec, result):
#             # just make sure we have the unified type for integers
#             assert type(i) == int
#             assert type(format_spec) == str
#             self.assertEqual(i.__format__(format_spec), result)

#         test(123456789, 'd', '123456789')
#         test(123456789, 'd', '123456789')

#         test(1, 'c', '\01')

#         # sign and aligning are interdependent
#         test(1, "-", '1')
#         test(-1, "-", '-1')
#         test(1, "-3", '  1')
#         test(-1, "-3", ' -1')
#         test(1, "+3", ' +1')
#         test(-1, "+3", ' -1')
#         test(1, " 3", '  1')
#         test(-1, " 3", ' -1')
#         test(1, " ", ' 1')
#         test(-1, " ", '-1')

#         # hex
#         test(3, "x", "3")
#         test(3, "X", "3")
#         test(1234, "x", "4d2")
#         test(-1234, "x", "-4d2")
#         test(1234, "8x", "     4d2")
#         test(-1234, "8x", "    -4d2")
#         test(1234, "x", "4d2")
#         test(-1234, "x", "-4d2")
#         test(-3, "x", "-3")
#         test(-3, "X", "-3")
#         test(int('be', 16), "x", "be")
#         test(int('be', 16), "X", "BE")
#         test(-int('be', 16), "x", "-be")
#         test(-int('be', 16), "X", "-BE")

#         # octal
#         test(3, "o", "3")
#         test(-3, "o", "-3")
#         test(65, "o", "101")
#         test(-65, "o", "-101")
#         test(1234, "o", "2322")
#         test(-1234, "o", "-2322")
#         test(1234, "-o", "2322")
#         test(-1234, "-o", "-2322")
#         test(1234, " o", " 2322")
#         test(-1234, " o", "-2322")
#         test(1234, "+o", "+2322")
#         test(-1234, "+o", "-2322")

#         # binary
#         test(3, "b", "11")
#         test(-3, "b", "-11")
#         test(1234, "b", "10011010010")
#         test(-1234, "b", "-10011010010")
#         test(1234, "-b", "10011010010")
#         test(-1234, "-b", "-10011010010")
#         test(1234, " b", " 10011010010")
#         test(-1234, " b", "-10011010010")
#         test(1234, "+b", "+10011010010")
#         test(-1234, "+b", "-10011010010")

#         # alternate (#) formatting
#         test(0, "#b", '0b0')
#         test(0, "-#b", '0b0')
#         test(1, "-#b", '0b1')
#         test(-1, "-#b", '-0b1')
#         test(-1, "-#5b", ' -0b1')
#         test(1, "+#5b", ' +0b1')
#         test(100, "+#b", '+0b1100100')
#         test(100, "#012b", '0b0001100100')
#         test(-100, "#012b", '-0b001100100')

#         test(0, "#o", '0o0')
#         test(0, "-#o", '0o0')
#         test(1, "-#o", '0o1')
#         test(-1, "-#o", '-0o1')
#         test(-1, "-#5o", ' -0o1')
#         test(1, "+#5o", ' +0o1')
#         test(100, "+#o", '+0o144')
#         test(100, "#012o", '0o0000000144')
#         test(-100, "#012o", '-0o000000144')

#         test(0, "#x", '0x0')
#         test(0, "-#x", '0x0')
#         test(1, "-#x", '0x1')
#         test(-1, "-#x", '-0x1')
#         test(-1, "-#5x", ' -0x1')
#         test(1, "+#5x", ' +0x1')
#         test(100, "+#x", '+0x64')
#         test(100, "#012x", '0x0000000064')
#         test(-100, "#012x", '-0x000000064')
#         test(123456, "#012x", '0x000001e240')
#         test(-123456, "#012x", '-0x00001e240')

#         test(0, "#X", '0X0')
#         test(0, "-#X", '0X0')
#         test(1, "-#X", '0X1')
#         test(-1, "-#X", '-0X1')
#         test(-1, "-#5X", ' -0X1')
#         test(1, "+#5X", ' +0X1')
#         test(100, "+#X", '+0X64')
#         test(100, "#012X", '0X0000000064')
#         test(-100, "#012X", '-0X000000064')
#         test(123456, "#012X", '0X000001E240')
#         test(-123456, "#012X", '-0X00001E240')

#         test(123, ',', '123')
#         test(-123, ',', '-123')
#         test(1234, ',', '1,234')
#         test(-1234, ',', '-1,234')
#         test(123456, ',', '123,456')
#         test(-123456, ',', '-123,456')
#         test(1234567, ',', '1,234,567')
#         test(-1234567, ',', '-1,234,567')

#         # issue 5782, commas with no specifier type
#         test(1234, '010,', '00,001,234')

#         # Unified type for integers
#         test(10**100, 'd', '1' + '0' * 100)
#         test(10**100+100, 'd', '1' + '0' * 97 + '100')

#         # make sure these are errors

#         # precision disallowed
#         self.assertRaises(ValueError, 3 .__format__, "1.3")
#         # sign not allowed with 'c'
#         self.assertRaises(ValueError, 3 .__format__, "+c")
#         # format spec must be string
#         self.assertRaises(TypeError, 3 .__format__, None)
#         self.assertRaises(TypeError, 3 .__format__, 0)
#         # can't have ',' with 'n'
#         self.assertRaises(ValueError, 3 .__format__, ",n")
#         # can't have ',' with 'c'
#         self.assertRaises(ValueError, 3 .__format__, ",c")
#         # can't have '#' with 'c'
#         self.assertRaises(ValueError, 3 .__format__, "#c")

#         # ensure that only int and float type specifiers work
#         for format_spec in ([chr(x) for x in range(ord('a'), ord('z')+1)] +
#                             [chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'), ord('Z')+1)]):
#             if not format_spec in 'bcdoxXeEfFgGn%':
#                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, 0 .__format__, format_spec)
#                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, 1 .__format__, format_spec)
#                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, (-1) .__format__, format_spec)

#         # ensure that float type specifiers work; format converts
#         #  the int to a float
#         for format_spec in 'eEfFgG%':
#             for value in [0, 1, -1, 100, -100, 1234567890, -1234567890]:
#                 self.assertEqual(value.__format__(format_spec),
#                                  float(value).__format__(format_spec))

#         # Issue 6902
#         test(123456, "0<20", '12345600000000000000')
#         test(123456, "1<20", '12345611111111111111')
#         test(123456, "*<20", '123456**************')
#         test(123456, "0>20", '00000000000000123456')
#         test(123456, "1>20", '11111111111111123456')
#         test(123456, "*>20", '**************123456')
#         test(123456, "0=20", '00000000000000123456')
#         test(123456, "1=20", '11111111111111123456')
#         test(123456, "*=20", '**************123456')

#     @run_with_locale('LC_NUMERIC', 'en_US.UTF8')
#     def test_float__format__locale(self):
#         # test locale support for __format__ code 'n'

#         for i in range(-10, 10):
#             x = 1234567890.0 * (10.0 ** i)
#             self.assertEqual(locale.format_string('%g', x, grouping=True), format(x, 'n'))
#             self.assertEqual(locale.format_string('%.10g', x, grouping=True), format(x, '.10n'))

#     @run_with_locale('LC_NUMERIC', 'en_US.UTF8')
#     def test_int__format__locale(self):
#         # test locale support for __format__ code 'n' for integers

#         x = 123456789012345678901234567890
#         for i in range(0, 30):
#             self.assertEqual(locale.format_string('%d', x, grouping=True), format(x, 'n'))

#             # move to the next integer to test
#             x = x // 10

#         rfmt = ">20n"
#         lfmt = "<20n"
#         cfmt = "^20n"
#         for x in (1234, 12345, 123456, 1234567, 12345678, 123456789, 1234567890, 12345678900):
#             self.assertEqual(len(format(0, rfmt)), len(format(x, rfmt)))
#             self.assertEqual(len(format(0, lfmt)), len(format(x, lfmt)))
#             self.assertEqual(len(format(0, cfmt)), len(format(x, cfmt)))

#     def test_float__format__(self):
#         def test(f, format_spec, result):
#             self.assertEqual(f.__format__(format_spec), result)
#             self.assertEqual(format(f, format_spec), result)

#         test(0.0, 'f', '0.000000')

#         # the default is 'g', except for empty format spec
#         test(0.0, '', '0.0')
#         test(0.01, '', '0.01')
#         test(0.01, 'g', '0.01')

#         # test for issue 3411
#         test(1.23, '1', '1.23')
#         test(-1.23, '1', '-1.23')
#         test(1.23, '1g', '1.23')
#         test(-1.23, '1g', '-1.23')

#         test( 1.0, ' g', ' 1')
#         test(-1.0, ' g', '-1')
#         test( 1.0, '+g', '+1')
#         test(-1.0, '+g', '-1')
#         test(1.1234e200, 'g', '1.1234e+200')
#         test(1.1234e200, 'G', '1.1234E+200')


#         test(1.0, 'f', '1.000000')

#         test(-1.0, 'f', '-1.000000')

#         test( 1.0, ' f', ' 1.000000')
#         test(-1.0, ' f', '-1.000000')
#         test( 1.0, '+f', '+1.000000')
#         test(-1.0, '+f', '-1.000000')

#         # Python versions <= 3.0 switched from 'f' to 'g' formatting for
#         # values larger than 1e50.  No longer.
#         f = 1.1234e90
#         for fmt in 'f', 'F':
#             # don't do a direct equality check, since on some
#             # platforms only the first few digits of dtoa
#             # will be reliable
#             result = f.__format__(fmt)
#             self.assertEqual(len(result), 98)
#             self.assertEqual(result[-7], '.')
#             self.assertIn(result[:12], ('112340000000', '112339999999'))
#         f = 1.1234e200
#         for fmt in 'f', 'F':
#             result = f.__format__(fmt)
#             self.assertEqual(len(result), 208)
#             self.assertEqual(result[-7], '.')
#             self.assertIn(result[:12], ('112340000000', '112339999999'))


#         test( 1.0, 'e', '1.000000e+00')
#         test(-1.0, 'e', '-1.000000e+00')
#         test( 1.0, 'E', '1.000000E+00')
#         test(-1.0, 'E', '-1.000000E+00')
#         test(1.1234e20, 'e', '1.123400e+20')
#         test(1.1234e20, 'E', '1.123400E+20')

#         # No format code means use g, but must have a decimal
#         # and a number after the decimal.  This is tricky, because
#         # a totally empty format specifier means something else.
#         # So, just use a sign flag
#         test(1e200, '+g', '+1e+200')
#         test(1e200, '+', '+1e+200')

#         test(1.1e200, '+g', '+1.1e+200')
#         test(1.1e200, '+', '+1.1e+200')

#         # 0 padding
#         test(1234., '010f', '1234.000000')
#         test(1234., '011f', '1234.000000')
#         test(1234., '012f', '01234.000000')
#         test(-1234., '011f', '-1234.000000')
#         test(-1234., '012f', '-1234.000000')
#         test(-1234., '013f', '-01234.000000')
#         test(-1234.12341234, '013f', '-01234.123412')
#         test(-123456.12341234, '011.2f', '-0123456.12')

#         # issue 5782, commas with no specifier type
#         test(1.2, '010,.2', '0,000,001.2')

#         # 0 padding with commas
#         test(1234., '011,f', '1,234.000000')
#         test(1234., '012,f', '1,234.000000')
#         test(1234., '013,f', '01,234.000000')
#         test(-1234., '012,f', '-1,234.000000')
#         test(-1234., '013,f', '-1,234.000000')
#         test(-1234., '014,f', '-01,234.000000')
#         test(-12345., '015,f', '-012,345.000000')
#         test(-123456., '016,f', '-0,123,456.000000')
#         test(-123456., '017,f', '-0,123,456.000000')
#         test(-123456.12341234, '017,f', '-0,123,456.123412')
#         test(-123456.12341234, '013,.2f', '-0,123,456.12')

#         # % formatting
#         test(-1.0, '%', '-100.000000%')

#         # format spec must be string
#         self.assertRaises(TypeError, 3.0.__format__, None)
#         self.assertRaises(TypeError, 3.0.__format__, 0)

#         # other format specifiers shouldn't work on floats,
#         #  in particular int specifiers
#         for format_spec in ([chr(x) for x in range(ord('a'), ord('z')+1)] +
#                             [chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'), ord('Z')+1)]):
#             if not format_spec in 'eEfFgGn%':
#                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 0.0, format_spec)
#                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 1.0, format_spec)
#                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, -1.0, format_spec)
#                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 1e100, format_spec)
#                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, -1e100, format_spec)
#                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 1e-100, format_spec)
#                 self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, -1e-100, format_spec)

#         # Alternate float formatting
#         test(1.0, '.0e', '1e+00')
#         test(1.0, '#.0e', '1.e+00')
#         test(1.0, '.0f', '1')
#         test(1.0, '#.0f', '1.')
#         test(1.1, 'g', '1.1')
#         test(1.1, '#g', '1.10000')
#         test(1.0, '.0%', '100%')
#         test(1.0, '#.0%', '100.%')

#         # Issue 7094: Alternate formatting (specified by #)
#         test(1.0, '0e',  '1.000000e+00')
#         test(1.0, '#0e', '1.000000e+00')
#         test(1.0, '0f',  '1.000000' )
#         test(1.0, '#0f', '1.000000')
#         test(1.0, '.1e',  '1.0e+00')
#         test(1.0, '#.1e', '1.0e+00')
#         test(1.0, '.1f',  '1.0')
#         test(1.0, '#.1f', '1.0')
#         test(1.0, '.1%',  '100.0%')
#         test(1.0, '#.1%', '100.0%')

#         # Issue 6902
#         test(12345.6, "0<20", '12345.60000000000000')
#         test(12345.6, "1<20", '12345.61111111111111')
#         test(12345.6, "*<20", '12345.6*************')
#         test(12345.6, "0>20", '000000000000012345.6')
#         test(12345.6, "1>20", '111111111111112345.6')
#         test(12345.6, "*>20", '*************12345.6')
#         test(12345.6, "0=20", '000000000000012345.6')
#         test(12345.6, "1=20", '111111111111112345.6')
#         test(12345.6, "*=20", '*************12345.6')

#     def test_format_spec_errors(self):
#         # int, float, and string all share the same format spec
#         # mini-language parser.

#         # Check that we can't ask for too many digits. This is
#         # probably a CPython specific test. It tries to put the width
#         # into a C long.
#         self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 0, '1'*10000 + 'd')

#         # Similar with the precision.
#         self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 0, '.' + '1'*10000 + 'd')

#         # And may as well test both.
#         self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 0, '1'*1000 + '.' + '1'*10000 + 'd')

#         # Make sure commas aren't allowed with various type codes
#         for code in 'xXobns':
#             self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 0, ',' + code)

#     def test_internal_sizes(self):
#         self.assertGreater(object.__basicsize__, 0)
#         self.assertGreater(tuple.__itemsize__, 0)

    def test_slot_wrapper_types(self):
        self.assertIsInstance(object.__init__, types.WrapperDescriptorType)
        self.assertIsInstance(object.__str__, types.WrapperDescriptorType)
        self.assertIsInstance(object.__lt__, types.WrapperDescriptorType)
        self.assertIsInstance(int.__lt__, types.WrapperDescriptorType)

    def test_method_wrapper_types(self):
        self.assertIsInstance(object().__init__, types.MethodWrapperType)
        self.assertIsInstance(object().__str__, types.MethodWrapperType)
        self.assertIsInstance(object().__lt__, types.MethodWrapperType)
        self.assertIsInstance((42).__lt__, types.MethodWrapperType)

    def test_method_descriptor_types(self):
        self.assertIsInstance(str.join, types.MethodDescriptorType)
        self.assertIsInstance(list.append, types.MethodDescriptorType)
        self.assertIsInstance(''.join, types.BuiltinMethodType)
        self.assertIsInstance([].append, types.BuiltinMethodType)

        # self.assertIsInstance(int.__dict__['from_bytes'], types.ClassMethodDescriptorType)
        # self.assertIsInstance(int.from_bytes, types.BuiltinMethodType)
        # self.assertIsInstance(int.__new__, types.BuiltinMethodType)


class MappingProxyTests(unittest.TestCase):
    mappingproxy = types.MappingProxyType

    def test_constructor(self):
        class userdict(dict):
            pass

        mapping = {'x': 1, 'y': 2}
        self.assertEqual(self.mappingproxy(mapping), mapping)
        mapping = userdict(x=1, y=2)
        self.assertEqual(self.mappingproxy(mapping), mapping)
        # mapping = collections.ChainMap({'x': 1}, {'y': 2})
        # self.assertEqual(self.mappingproxy(mapping), mapping)

        self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.mappingproxy, 10)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.mappingproxy, ("a", "tuple"))
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.mappingproxy, ["a", "list"])

    def test_methods(self):
        attrs = set(dir(self.mappingproxy({}))) - set(dir(object()))
        self.assertEqual(attrs, {
             '__contains__',
             '__getitem__',
             '__class_getitem__',
             '__ior__',
             '__iter__',
             '__len__',
             '__or__',
             '__ror__',
             'copy',
             'get',
             'items',
             'keys',
             'values',
        })

    def test_get(self):
        view = self.mappingproxy({'a': 'A', 'b': 'B'})
        self.assertEqual(view['a'], 'A')
        self.assertEqual(view['b'], 'B')
        self.assertRaises(KeyError, view.__getitem__, 'xxx')
        self.assertEqual(view.get('a'), 'A')
        self.assertIsNone(view.get('xxx'))
        self.assertEqual(view.get('xxx', 42), 42)

    def test_missing(self):
        class dictmissing(dict):
            def __missing__(self, key):
                return "missing=%s" % key

        view = self.mappingproxy(dictmissing(x=1))
        self.assertEqual(view['x'], 1)
        self.assertEqual(view['y'], 'missing=y')
        self.assertEqual(view.get('x'), 1)
        self.assertEqual(view.get('y'), None)
        self.assertEqual(view.get('y', 42), 42)
        self.assertTrue('x' in view)
        self.assertFalse('y' in view)

    def test_customdict(self):
        class customdict(dict):
            def __contains__(self, key):
                if key == 'magic':
                    return True
                else:
                    return dict.__contains__(self, key)

            def __iter__(self):
                return iter(('iter',))

            def __len__(self):
                return 500

            def copy(self):
                return 'copy'

            def keys(self):
                return 'keys'

            def items(self):
                return 'items'

            def values(self):
                return 'values'

            def __getitem__(self, key):
                return "getitem=%s" % dict.__getitem__(self, key)

            def get(self, key, default=None):
                return "get=%s" % dict.get(self, key, 'default=%r' % default)

        custom = customdict({'key': 'value'})
        view = self.mappingproxy(custom)
        self.assertTrue('key' in view)
        self.assertTrue('magic' in view)
        self.assertFalse('xxx' in view)
        self.assertEqual(view['key'], 'getitem=value')
        self.assertRaises(KeyError, view.__getitem__, 'xxx')
        self.assertEqual(tuple(view), ('iter',))
        self.assertEqual(len(view), 500)
        self.assertEqual(view.copy(), 'copy')
        self.assertEqual(view.get('key'), 'get=value')
        self.assertEqual(view.get('xxx'), 'get=default=None')
        self.assertEqual(view.items(), 'items')
        self.assertEqual(view.keys(), 'keys')
        self.assertEqual(view.values(), 'values')

    # def test_chainmap(self):
    #     d1 = {'x': 1}
    #     d2 = {'y': 2}
    #     mapping = collections.ChainMap(d1, d2)
    #     view = self.mappingproxy(mapping)
    #     self.assertTrue('x' in view)
    #     self.assertTrue('y' in view)
    #     self.assertFalse('z' in view)
    #     self.assertEqual(view['x'], 1)
    #     self.assertEqual(view['y'], 2)
    #     self.assertRaises(KeyError, view.__getitem__, 'z')
    #     self.assertEqual(tuple(sorted(view)), ('x', 'y'))
    #     self.assertEqual(len(view), 2)
    #     copy = view.copy()
    #     self.assertIsNot(copy, mapping)
    #     self.assertIsInstance(copy, collections.ChainMap)
    #     self.assertEqual(copy, mapping)
    #     self.assertEqual(view.get('x'), 1)
    #     self.assertEqual(view.get('y'), 2)
    #     self.assertIsNone(view.get('z'))
    #     self.assertEqual(tuple(sorted(view.items())), (('x', 1), ('y', 2)))
    #     self.assertEqual(tuple(sorted(view.keys())), ('x', 'y'))
    #     self.assertEqual(tuple(sorted(view.values())), (1, 2))

    def test_contains(self):
        view = self.mappingproxy(dict.fromkeys('abc'))
        self.assertTrue('a' in view)
        self.assertTrue('b' in view)
        self.assertTrue('c' in view)
        self.assertFalse('xxx' in view)

    def test_views(self):
        mapping = {}
        view = self.mappingproxy(mapping)
        keys = view.keys()
        values = view.values()
        items = view.items()
        self.assertEqual(list(keys), [])
        self.assertEqual(list(values), [])
        self.assertEqual(list(items), [])
        mapping['key'] = 'value'
        self.assertEqual(list(keys), ['key'])
        self.assertEqual(list(values), ['value'])
        self.assertEqual(list(items), [('key', 'value')])

    def test_len(self):
        for expected in range(6):
            data = dict.fromkeys('abcde'[:expected])
            self.assertEqual(len(data), expected)
            view = self.mappingproxy(data)
            self.assertEqual(len(view), expected)

    def test_iterators(self):
        keys = ('x', 'y')
        values = (1, 2)
        items = tuple(zip(keys, values))
        view = self.mappingproxy(dict(items))
        self.assertEqual(set(view), set(keys))
        self.assertEqual(set(view.keys()), set(keys))
        self.assertEqual(set(view.values()), set(values))
        self.assertEqual(set(view.items()), set(items))

    def test_copy(self):
        original = {'key1': 27, 'key2': 51, 'key3': 93}
        view = self.mappingproxy(original)
        copy = view.copy()
        self.assertEqual(type(copy), dict)
        self.assertEqual(copy, original)
        original['key1'] = 70
        self.assertEqual(view['key1'], 70)
        self.assertEqual(copy['key1'], 27)

    def test_union(self):
        mapping = {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 2}
        view = self.mappingproxy(mapping)
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            view | [('r', 2), ('d', 2)]
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            [('r', 2), ('d', 2)] | view
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            view |= [('r', 2), ('d', 2)]
        other = {'c': 3, 'p': 0}
        self.assertEqual(view | other, {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 3, 'p': 0})
        self.assertEqual(other | view, {'c': 2, 'p': 0, 'a': 0, 'b': 1})
        self.assertEqual(view, {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 2})
        self.assertEqual(mapping, {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 2})
        self.assertEqual(other, {'c': 3, 'p': 0})


# class ClassCreationTests(unittest.TestCase):

#     class Meta(type):
#         def __init__(cls, name, bases, ns, **kw):
#             super().__init__(name, bases, ns)
#         @staticmethod
#         def __new__(mcls, name, bases, ns, **kw):
#             return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, ns)
#         @classmethod
#         def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases, **kw):
#             ns = super().__prepare__(name, bases)
#             ns["y"] = 1
#             ns.update(kw)
#             return ns

#     def test_new_class_basics(self):
#         C = types.new_class("C")
#         self.assertEqual(C.__name__, "C")
#         self.assertEqual(C.__bases__, (object,))

#     def test_new_class_subclass(self):
#         C = types.new_class("C", (int,))
#         self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, int))

#     def test_new_class_meta(self):
#         Meta = self.Meta
#         settings = {"metaclass": Meta, "z": 2}
#         # We do this twice to make sure the passed in dict isn't mutated
#         for i in range(2):
#             C = types.new_class("C" + str(i), (), settings)
#             self.assertIsInstance(C, Meta)
#             self.assertEqual(C.y, 1)
#             self.assertEqual(C.z, 2)

#     def test_new_class_exec_body(self):
#         Meta = self.Meta
#         def func(ns):
#             ns["x"] = 0
#         C = types.new_class("C", (), {"metaclass": Meta, "z": 2}, func)
#         self.assertIsInstance(C, Meta)
#         self.assertEqual(C.x, 0)
#         self.assertEqual(C.y, 1)
#         self.assertEqual(C.z, 2)

#     def test_new_class_metaclass_keywords(self):
#         #Test that keywords are passed to the metaclass:
#         def meta_func(name, bases, ns, **kw):
#             return name, bases, ns, kw
#         res = types.new_class("X",
#                               (int, object),
#                               dict(metaclass=meta_func, x=0))
#         self.assertEqual(res, ("X", (int, object), {}, {"x": 0}))

#     def test_new_class_defaults(self):
#         # Test defaults/keywords:
#         C = types.new_class("C", (), {}, None)
#         self.assertEqual(C.__name__, "C")
#         self.assertEqual(C.__bases__, (object,))

#     def test_new_class_meta_with_base(self):
#         Meta = self.Meta
#         def func(ns):
#             ns["x"] = 0
#         C = types.new_class(name="C",
#                             bases=(int,),
#                             kwds=dict(metaclass=Meta, z=2),
#                             exec_body=func)
#         self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, int))
#         self.assertIsInstance(C, Meta)
#         self.assertEqual(C.x, 0)
#         self.assertEqual(C.y, 1)
#         self.assertEqual(C.z, 2)

#     def test_new_class_with_mro_entry(self):
#         class A: pass
#         class C:
#             def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
#                 return (A,)
#         c = C()
#         D = types.new_class('D', (c,), {})
#         self.assertEqual(D.__bases__, (A,))
#         self.assertEqual(D.__orig_bases__, (c,))
#         self.assertEqual(D.__mro__, (D, A, object))

#     def test_new_class_with_mro_entry_none(self):
#         class A: pass
#         class B: pass
#         class C:
#             def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
#                 return ()
#         c = C()
#         D = types.new_class('D', (A, c, B), {})
#         self.assertEqual(D.__bases__, (A, B))
#         self.assertEqual(D.__orig_bases__, (A, c, B))
#         self.assertEqual(D.__mro__, (D, A, B, object))

#     def test_new_class_with_mro_entry_error(self):
#         class A: pass
#         class C:
#             def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
#                 return A
#         c = C()
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             types.new_class('D', (c,), {})

#     def test_new_class_with_mro_entry_multiple(self):
#         class A1: pass
#         class A2: pass
#         class B1: pass
#         class B2: pass
#         class A:
#             def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
#                 return (A1, A2)
#         class B:
#             def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
#                 return (B1, B2)
#         D = types.new_class('D', (A(), B()), {})
#         self.assertEqual(D.__bases__, (A1, A2, B1, B2))

#     def test_new_class_with_mro_entry_multiple_2(self):
#         class A1: pass
#         class A2: pass
#         class A3: pass
#         class B1: pass
#         class B2: pass
#         class A:
#             def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
#                 return (A1, A2, A3)
#         class B:
#             def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
#                 return (B1, B2)
#         class C: pass
#         D = types.new_class('D', (A(), C, B()), {})
#         self.assertEqual(D.__bases__, (A1, A2, A3, C, B1, B2))

#     # Many of the following tests are derived from test_descr.py
#     def test_prepare_class(self):
#         # Basic test of metaclass derivation
#         expected_ns = {}
#         class A(type):
#             def __new__(*args, **kwargs):
#                 return type.__new__(*args, **kwargs)

#             def __prepare__(*args):
#                 return expected_ns

#         B = types.new_class("B", (object,))
#         C = types.new_class("C", (object,), {"metaclass": A})

#         # The most derived metaclass of D is A rather than type.
#         meta, ns, kwds = types.prepare_class("D", (B, C), {"metaclass": type})
#         self.assertIs(meta, A)
#         self.assertIs(ns, expected_ns)
#         self.assertEqual(len(kwds), 0)

#     def test_bad___prepare__(self):
#         # __prepare__() must return a mapping.
#         class BadMeta(type):
#             @classmethod
#             def __prepare__(*args):
#                 return None
#         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
#                                     r'^BadMeta\.__prepare__\(\) must '
#                                     r'return a mapping, not NoneType$'):
#             class Foo(metaclass=BadMeta):
#                 pass
#         # Also test the case in which the metaclass is not a type.
#         class BadMeta:
#             @classmethod
#             def __prepare__(*args):
#                 return None
#         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
#                                     r'^<metaclass>\.__prepare__\(\) must '
#                                     r'return a mapping, not NoneType$'):
#             class Bar(metaclass=BadMeta()):
#                 pass

#     def test_resolve_bases(self):
#         class A: pass
#         class B: pass
#         class C:
#             def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
#                 if A in bases:
#                     return ()
#                 return (A,)
#         c = C()
#         self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases(()), ())
#         self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases((c,)), (A,))
#         self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases((C,)), (C,))
#         self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases((A, C)), (A, C))
#         self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases((c, A)), (A,))
#         self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases((A, c)), (A,))
#         x = (A,)
#         y = (C,)
#         z = (A, C)
#         t = (A, C, B)
#         for bases in [x, y, z, t]:
#             self.assertIs(types.resolve_bases(bases), bases)

#     def test_metaclass_derivation(self):
#         # issue1294232: correct metaclass calculation
#         new_calls = []  # to check the order of __new__ calls
#         class AMeta(type):
#             def __new__(mcls, name, bases, ns):
#                 new_calls.append('AMeta')
#                 return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, ns)
#             @classmethod
#             def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases):
#                 return {}

#         class BMeta(AMeta):
#             def __new__(mcls, name, bases, ns):
#                 new_calls.append('BMeta')
#                 return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, ns)
#             @classmethod
#             def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases):
#                 ns = super().__prepare__(name, bases)
#                 ns['BMeta_was_here'] = True
#                 return ns

#         A = types.new_class("A", (), {"metaclass": AMeta})
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['AMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()

#         B = types.new_class("B", (), {"metaclass": BMeta})
#         # BMeta.__new__ calls AMeta.__new__ with super:
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BMeta', 'AMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()

#         C = types.new_class("C", (A, B))
#         # The most derived metaclass is BMeta:
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BMeta', 'AMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()
#         # BMeta.__prepare__ should've been called:
#         self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', C.__dict__)

#         # The order of the bases shouldn't matter:
#         C2 = types.new_class("C2", (B, A))
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BMeta', 'AMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()
#         self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', C2.__dict__)

#         # Check correct metaclass calculation when a metaclass is declared:
#         D = types.new_class("D", (C,), {"metaclass": type})
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BMeta', 'AMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()
#         self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', D.__dict__)

#         E = types.new_class("E", (C,), {"metaclass": AMeta})
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BMeta', 'AMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()
#         self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', E.__dict__)

#     def test_metaclass_override_function(self):
#         # Special case: the given metaclass isn't a class,
#         # so there is no metaclass calculation.
#         class A(metaclass=self.Meta):
#             pass

#         marker = object()
#         def func(*args, **kwargs):
#             return marker

#         X = types.new_class("X", (), {"metaclass": func})
#         Y = types.new_class("Y", (object,), {"metaclass": func})
#         Z = types.new_class("Z", (A,), {"metaclass": func})
#         self.assertIs(marker, X)
#         self.assertIs(marker, Y)
#         self.assertIs(marker, Z)

#     def test_metaclass_override_callable(self):
#         # The given metaclass is a class,
#         # but not a descendant of type.
#         new_calls = []  # to check the order of __new__ calls
#         prepare_calls = []  # to track __prepare__ calls
#         class ANotMeta:
#             def __new__(mcls, *args, **kwargs):
#                 new_calls.append('ANotMeta')
#                 return super().__new__(mcls)
#             @classmethod
#             def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases):
#                 prepare_calls.append('ANotMeta')
#                 return {}

#         class BNotMeta(ANotMeta):
#             def __new__(mcls, *args, **kwargs):
#                 new_calls.append('BNotMeta')
#                 return super().__new__(mcls)
#             @classmethod
#             def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases):
#                 prepare_calls.append('BNotMeta')
#                 return super().__prepare__(name, bases)

#         A = types.new_class("A", (), {"metaclass": ANotMeta})
#         self.assertIs(ANotMeta, type(A))
#         self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['ANotMeta'])
#         prepare_calls.clear()
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['ANotMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()

#         B = types.new_class("B", (), {"metaclass": BNotMeta})
#         self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(B))
#         self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         prepare_calls.clear()
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()

#         C = types.new_class("C", (A, B))
#         self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(C))
#         self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         prepare_calls.clear()
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()

#         C2 = types.new_class("C2", (B, A))
#         self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(C2))
#         self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         prepare_calls.clear()
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()

#         # This is a TypeError, because of a metaclass conflict:
#         # BNotMeta is neither a subclass, nor a superclass of type
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             D = types.new_class("D", (C,), {"metaclass": type})

#         E = types.new_class("E", (C,), {"metaclass": ANotMeta})
#         self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(E))
#         self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         prepare_calls.clear()
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()

#         F = types.new_class("F", (object(), C))
#         self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(F))
#         self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         prepare_calls.clear()
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()

#         F2 = types.new_class("F2", (C, object()))
#         self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(F2))
#         self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         prepare_calls.clear()
#         self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
#         new_calls.clear()

#         # TypeError: BNotMeta is neither a
#         # subclass, nor a superclass of int
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             X = types.new_class("X", (C, int()))
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             X = types.new_class("X", (int(), C))

#     def test_one_argument_type(self):
#         expected_message = 'type.__new__() takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given)'

#         # Only type itself can use the one-argument form (#27157)
#         self.assertIs(type(5), int)

#         class M(type):
#             pass
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm:
#             M(5)
#         self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception), expected_message)

#         class N(type, metaclass=M):
#             pass
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm:
#             N(5)
#         self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception), expected_message)


# class SimpleNamespaceTests(unittest.TestCase):

#     def test_constructor(self):
#         ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace()
#         ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2)
#         ns3 = types.SimpleNamespace(**dict(x=1, y=2))

#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             types.SimpleNamespace(1, 2, 3)
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             types.SimpleNamespace(**{1: 2})

#         self.assertEqual(len(ns1.__dict__), 0)
#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns1), {})
#         self.assertEqual(len(ns2.__dict__), 2)
#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns2), {'y': 2, 'x': 1})
#         self.assertEqual(len(ns3.__dict__), 2)
#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns3), {'y': 2, 'x': 1})

#     def test_unbound(self):
#         ns1 = vars(types.SimpleNamespace())
#         ns2 = vars(types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2))

#         self.assertEqual(ns1, {})
#         self.assertEqual(ns2, {'y': 2, 'x': 1})

#     def test_underlying_dict(self):
#         ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace()
#         ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2)
#         ns3 = types.SimpleNamespace(a=True, b=False)
#         mapping = ns3.__dict__
#         del ns3

#         self.assertEqual(ns1.__dict__, {})
#         self.assertEqual(ns2.__dict__, {'y': 2, 'x': 1})
#         self.assertEqual(mapping, dict(a=True, b=False))

#     def test_attrget(self):
#         ns = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2, w=3)

#         self.assertEqual(ns.x, 1)
#         self.assertEqual(ns.y, 2)
#         self.assertEqual(ns.w, 3)
#         with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
#             ns.z

#     def test_attrset(self):
#         ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace()
#         ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2, w=3)
#         ns1.a = 'spam'
#         ns1.b = 'ham'
#         ns2.z = 4
#         ns2.theta = None

#         self.assertEqual(ns1.__dict__, dict(a='spam', b='ham'))
#         self.assertEqual(ns2.__dict__, dict(x=1, y=2, w=3, z=4, theta=None))

#     def test_attrdel(self):
#         ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace()
#         ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2, w=3)

#         with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
#             del ns1.spam
#         with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
#             del ns2.spam

#         del ns2.y
#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns2), dict(w=3, x=1))
#         ns2.y = 'spam'
#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns2), dict(w=3, x=1, y='spam'))
#         del ns2.y
#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns2), dict(w=3, x=1))

#         ns1.spam = 5
#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns1), dict(spam=5))
#         del ns1.spam
#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns1), {})

#     def test_repr(self):
#         ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2, w=3)
#         ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace()
#         ns2.x = "spam"
#         ns2._y = 5
#         name = "namespace"

#         self.assertEqual(repr(ns1), "{name}(w=3, x=1, y=2)".format(name=name))
#         self.assertEqual(repr(ns2), "{name}(_y=5, x='spam')".format(name=name))

#     def test_equal(self):
#         ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1)
#         ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace()
#         ns2.x = 1

#         self.assertEqual(types.SimpleNamespace(), types.SimpleNamespace())
#         self.assertEqual(ns1, ns2)
#         self.assertNotEqual(ns2, types.SimpleNamespace())

#     def test_nested(self):
#         ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace(a=1, b=2)
#         ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace()
#         ns3 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=ns1)
#         ns2.spam = ns1
#         ns2.ham = '?'
#         ns2.spam = ns3

#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns1), dict(a=1, b=2))
#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns2), dict(spam=ns3, ham='?'))
#         self.assertEqual(ns2.spam, ns3)
#         self.assertEqual(vars(ns3), dict(x=ns1))
#         self.assertEqual(ns3.x.a, 1)

#     def test_recursive(self):
#         ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace(c='cookie')
#         ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace()
#         ns3 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1)
#         ns1.spam = ns1
#         ns2.spam = ns3
#         ns3.spam = ns2

#         self.assertEqual(ns1.spam, ns1)
#         self.assertEqual(ns1.spam.spam, ns1)
#         self.assertEqual(ns1.spam.spam, ns1.spam)
#         self.assertEqual(ns2.spam, ns3)
#         self.assertEqual(ns3.spam, ns2)
#         self.assertEqual(ns2.spam.spam, ns2)

#     def test_recursive_repr(self):
#         ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace(c='cookie')
#         ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace()
#         ns3 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1)
#         ns1.spam = ns1
#         ns2.spam = ns3
#         ns3.spam = ns2
#         name = "namespace"
#         repr1 = "{name}(c='cookie', spam={name}(...))".format(name=name)
#         repr2 = "{name}(spam={name}(spam={name}(...), x=1))".format(name=name)

#         self.assertEqual(repr(ns1), repr1)
#         self.assertEqual(repr(ns2), repr2)

#     def test_as_dict(self):
#         ns = types.SimpleNamespace(spam='spamspamspam')

#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             len(ns)
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             iter(ns)
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             'spam' in ns
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             ns['spam']

#     def test_subclass(self):
#         class Spam(types.SimpleNamespace):
#             pass

#         spam = Spam(ham=8, eggs=9)

#         self.assertIs(type(spam), Spam)
#         self.assertEqual(vars(spam), {'ham': 8, 'eggs': 9})

#     def test_pickle(self):
#         ns = types.SimpleNamespace(breakfast="spam", lunch="spam")

#         for protocol in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
#             pname = "protocol {}".format(protocol)
#             try:
#                 ns_pickled = pickle.dumps(ns, protocol)
#             except TypeError as e:
#                 raise TypeError(pname) from e
#             ns_roundtrip = pickle.loads(ns_pickled)

#             self.assertEqual(ns, ns_roundtrip, pname)

#     def test_fake_namespace_compare(self):
#         # Issue #24257: Incorrect use of PyObject_IsInstance() caused
#         # SystemError.
#         class FakeSimpleNamespace(str):
#             __class__ = types.SimpleNamespace
#         self.assertFalse(types.SimpleNamespace() == FakeSimpleNamespace())
#         self.assertTrue(types.SimpleNamespace() != FakeSimpleNamespace())
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             types.SimpleNamespace() < FakeSimpleNamespace()
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             types.SimpleNamespace() <= FakeSimpleNamespace()
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             types.SimpleNamespace() > FakeSimpleNamespace()
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             types.SimpleNamespace() >= FakeSimpleNamespace()


# class CoroutineTests(unittest.TestCase):
#     def test_wrong_args(self):
#         samples = [None, 1, object()]
#         for sample in samples:
#             with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
#                                         'types.coroutine.*expects a callable'):
#                 types.coroutine(sample)

#     def test_non_gen_values(self):
#         @types.coroutine
#         def foo():
#             return 'spam'
#         self.assertEqual(foo(), 'spam')

#         class Awaitable:
#             def __await__(self):
#                 return ()
#         aw = Awaitable()
#         @types.coroutine
#         def foo():
#             return aw
#         self.assertIs(aw, foo())

#         # decorate foo second time
#         foo = types.coroutine(foo)
#         self.assertIs(aw, foo())

#     def test_async_def(self):
#         # Test that types.coroutine passes 'async def' coroutines
#         # without modification

#         async def foo(): pass
#         foo_code = foo.__code__
#         foo_flags = foo.__code__.co_flags
#         decorated_foo = types.coroutine(foo)
#         self.assertIs(foo, decorated_foo)
#         self.assertEqual(foo.__code__.co_flags, foo_flags)
#         self.assertIs(decorated_foo.__code__, foo_code)

#         foo_coro = foo()
#         def bar(): return foo_coro
#         for _ in range(2):
#             bar = types.coroutine(bar)
#             coro = bar()
#             self.assertIs(foo_coro, coro)
#             self.assertEqual(coro.cr_code.co_flags, foo_flags)
#             coro.close()

#     def test_duck_coro(self):
#         class CoroLike:
#             def send(self): pass
#             def throw(self): pass
#             def close(self): pass
#             def __await__(self): return self

#         coro = CoroLike()
#         @types.coroutine
#         def foo():
#             return coro
#         self.assertIs(foo(), coro)
#         self.assertIs(foo().__await__(), coro)

#     def test_duck_corogen(self):
#         class CoroGenLike:
#             def send(self): pass
#             def throw(self): pass
#             def close(self): pass
#             def __await__(self): return self
#             def __iter__(self): return self
#             def __next__(self): pass

#         coro = CoroGenLike()
#         @types.coroutine
#         def foo():
#             return coro
#         self.assertIs(foo(), coro)
#         self.assertIs(foo().__await__(), coro)

#     def test_duck_gen(self):
#         class GenLike:
#             def send(self): pass
#             def throw(self): pass
#             def close(self): pass
#             def __iter__(self): pass
#             def __next__(self): pass

#         # Setup generator mock object
#         gen = unittest.mock.MagicMock(GenLike)
#         gen.__iter__ = lambda gen: gen
#         gen.__name__ = 'gen'
#         gen.__qualname__ = 'test.gen'
#         self.assertIsInstance(gen, collections.abc.Generator)
#         self.assertIs(gen, iter(gen))

#         @types.coroutine
#         def foo(): return gen

#         wrapper = foo()
#         self.assertIsInstance(wrapper, types._GeneratorWrapper)
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.__await__(), wrapper)
#         # Wrapper proxies duck generators completely:
#         self.assertIs(iter(wrapper), wrapper)

#         self.assertIsInstance(wrapper, collections.abc.Coroutine)
#         self.assertIsInstance(wrapper, collections.abc.Awaitable)

#         self.assertIs(wrapper.__qualname__, gen.__qualname__)
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.__name__, gen.__name__)

#         # Test AttributeErrors
#         for name in {'gi_running', 'gi_frame', 'gi_code', 'gi_yieldfrom',
#                      'cr_running', 'cr_frame', 'cr_code', 'cr_await'}:
#             with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
#                 getattr(wrapper, name)

#         # Test attributes pass-through
#         gen.gi_running = object()
#         gen.gi_frame = object()
#         gen.gi_code = object()
#         gen.gi_yieldfrom = object()
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.gi_running, gen.gi_running)
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.gi_frame, gen.gi_frame)
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.gi_code, gen.gi_code)
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.gi_yieldfrom, gen.gi_yieldfrom)
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.cr_running, gen.gi_running)
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.cr_frame, gen.gi_frame)
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.cr_code, gen.gi_code)
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.cr_await, gen.gi_yieldfrom)

#         wrapper.close()
#         gen.close.assert_called_once_with()

#         wrapper.send(1)
#         gen.send.assert_called_once_with(1)
#         gen.reset_mock()

#         next(wrapper)
#         gen.__next__.assert_called_once_with()
#         gen.reset_mock()

#         wrapper.throw(1, 2, 3)
#         gen.throw.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
#         gen.reset_mock()

#         wrapper.throw(1, 2)
#         gen.throw.assert_called_once_with(1, 2)
#         gen.reset_mock()

#         wrapper.throw(1)
#         gen.throw.assert_called_once_with(1)
#         gen.reset_mock()

#         # Test exceptions propagation
#         error = Exception()
#         gen.throw.side_effect = error
#         try:
#             wrapper.throw(1)
#         except Exception as ex:
#             self.assertIs(ex, error)
#         else:
#             self.fail('wrapper did not propagate an exception')

#         # Test invalid args
#         gen.reset_mock()
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             wrapper.throw()
#         self.assertFalse(gen.throw.called)
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             wrapper.close(1)
#         self.assertFalse(gen.close.called)
#         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
#             wrapper.send()
#         self.assertFalse(gen.send.called)

#         # Test that we do not double wrap
#         @types.coroutine
#         def bar(): return wrapper
#         self.assertIs(wrapper, bar())

#         # Test weakrefs support
#         ref = weakref.ref(wrapper)
#         self.assertIs(ref(), wrapper)

#     def test_duck_functional_gen(self):
#         class Generator:
#             """Emulates the following generator (very clumsy):

#               def gen(fut):
#                   result = yield fut
#                   return result * 2
#             """
#             def __init__(self, fut):
#                 self._i = 0
#                 self._fut = fut
#             def __iter__(self):
#                 return self
#             def __next__(self):
#                 return self.send(None)
#             def send(self, v):
#                 try:
#                     if self._i == 0:
#                         assert v is None
#                         return self._fut
#                     if self._i == 1:
#                         raise StopIteration(v * 2)
#                     if self._i > 1:
#                         raise StopIteration
#                 finally:
#                     self._i += 1
#             def throw(self, tp, *exc):
#                 self._i = 100
#                 if tp is not GeneratorExit:
#                     raise tp
#             def close(self):
#                 self.throw(GeneratorExit)

#         @types.coroutine
#         def foo(): return Generator('spam')

#         wrapper = foo()
#         self.assertIsInstance(wrapper, types._GeneratorWrapper)

#         async def corofunc():
#             return await foo() + 100
#         coro = corofunc()

#         self.assertEqual(coro.send(None), 'spam')
#         try:
#             coro.send(20)
#         except StopIteration as ex:
#             self.assertEqual(ex.args[0], 140)
#         else:
#             self.fail('StopIteration was expected')

#     def test_gen(self):
#         def gen_func():
#             yield 1
#             return (yield 2)
#         gen = gen_func()
#         @types.coroutine
#         def foo(): return gen
#         wrapper = foo()
#         self.assertIsInstance(wrapper, types._GeneratorWrapper)
#         self.assertIs(wrapper.__await__(), gen)

#         for name in ('__name__', '__qualname__', 'gi_code',
#                      'gi_running', 'gi_frame'):
#             self.assertIs(getattr(foo(), name),
#                           getattr(gen, name))
#         self.assertIs(foo().cr_code, gen.gi_code)

#         self.assertEqual(next(wrapper), 1)
#         self.assertEqual(wrapper.send(None), 2)
#         with self.assertRaisesRegex(StopIteration, 'spam'):
#             wrapper.send('spam')

#         gen = gen_func()
#         wrapper = foo()
#         wrapper.send(None)
#         with self.assertRaisesRegex(Exception, 'ham'):
#             wrapper.throw(Exception, Exception('ham'))

#         # decorate foo second time
#         foo = types.coroutine(foo)
#         self.assertIs(foo().__await__(), gen)

#     def test_returning_itercoro(self):
#         @types.coroutine
#         def gen():
#             yield

#         gencoro = gen()

#         @types.coroutine
#         def foo():
#             return gencoro

#         self.assertIs(foo(), gencoro)

#         # decorate foo second time
#         foo = types.coroutine(foo)
#         self.assertIs(foo(), gencoro)

#     def test_genfunc(self):
#         def gen(): yield
#         self.assertIs(types.coroutine(gen), gen)
#         self.assertIs(types.coroutine(types.coroutine(gen)), gen)

#         self.assertTrue(gen.__code__.co_flags & inspect.CO_ITERABLE_COROUTINE)
#         self.assertFalse(gen.__code__.co_flags & inspect.CO_COROUTINE)

#         g = gen()
#         self.assertTrue(g.gi_code.co_flags & inspect.CO_ITERABLE_COROUTINE)
#         self.assertFalse(g.gi_code.co_flags & inspect.CO_COROUTINE)

#         self.assertIs(types.coroutine(gen), gen)

#     def test_wrapper_object(self):
#         def gen():
#             yield
#         @types.coroutine
#         def coro():
#             return gen()

#         wrapper = coro()
#         self.assertIn('GeneratorWrapper', repr(wrapper))
#         self.assertEqual(repr(wrapper), str(wrapper))
#         self.assertTrue(set(dir(wrapper)).issuperset({
#             '__await__', '__iter__', '__next__', 'cr_code', 'cr_running',
#             'cr_frame', 'gi_code', 'gi_frame', 'gi_running', 'send',
#             'close', 'throw'}))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()
